Identification

• Cohort, name
  GECKO Drenthe cohort
  
  Cohort, abbreviation
  GECKO Drenthe
  
  Cohort, country
  Netherlands (Nederland)
  
  Cohort, website
  https://doi.org/10.34760/5f5b80eb0830f
  
  Key reference
  L’Abée C, Sauer PJJ, Damen M, Rake JP, Cats H, Stolk RP. Cohort Profile: The GECKO Drenthe study; overweight programming during early childhood. Int J Epidemiol 2008; 37: 486-9
  
  Date of filling in this questionnaire:
  2020-06-25
  
  
• Principal investigator(s), name
  Eva Corpeleijn
  
  Principal investigator(s), e-mail address
  e.corpeleijn@umcg.nl
  
  Principal investigator(s), institution
  University Medical Center Groningen
  
  Contact person(s), name
  Eva Corpeleijn
  
  Contact person(s), e-mail address
  e.corpeleijn@umcg.nl
  
  Contact person(s), institution address
  University Medical Center Groningen
  
  

Basic description

• Main aim of cohort
  The overall aim of the GECKO Drenthe cohort is to study the prevalence and early risk factors for the development of childhood overweight and fat distribution at very young age. Within this birth cohort the growth of the children is closely followed, starting at birth until adulthood. The children are followed using questionnaires that the parents have to answer and the regular visits to the Well Baby Clinics, where length, weight, head circumference and hip and waist circumference are measured. Furthermore, physical activity is measured using accelerometers. At birth, cord blood was sampled and stored for (epi)genetic analysis and biomarkers. During the first 9 months of life, the children were measured every month (incl. questionnaire), thereafter this frequency decreased until once every 2 years from 3 years onwards. The children are now 5 years old. As risk factors nutrition, physical activity, biological, epigenetic, social and environmental factors are monitored. The children are followed using questionnaires that the parents have to answer and the regular visits to the Well Baby Clinics, where length, weight, head circumference and hip and waist circumference are measured. Furthermore, physical activity is measured using accelerometers. At birth, cord blood was sampled and stored for (epi)genetic analysis and biomarkers. As risk factors nutrition, physical activity, biological, epigenetic, social and environmental factors are monitored.
  
  Recruited number of:
  2997 children / 0 mothers / 0 fathers / 0 grand parents / 0 other family members
  
  Approximate proportion of source population included
  63
  
  Source population
  Region-based
  
  
• Period of enrollment
  Start: 2006-04-01, End: 2007-04-01
  
  Enrollment period
  Pregnancy, week  to
  
  Enrollment criteria, please specify
  All children born from April 2006 to April 2007 and living in Drenthe (a northern province of the Netherlands) at the time of birth were allowed to participate. All pregnant women in this province were invited to participate in the third trimester of their pregnancy. Recruitment took place by obstetricians, midwives and general practitioners, supported by a media campaign. If for any reason a child was not included in the GECKO Drenthe cohort before birth, a nurse from the Well Baby Clinic invited the parents of the newborn to participate.
  
  Exclusion criteria, please specify
  No exclusion criteria.
  
  Planned age of children at end of follow-up
  

Questionnaire or registry data and biological samples

• Children
• Mothers
• Fathers

General information	---------- Child age (years) at assessment ----------
	<1	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	>18
Home address	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
School address						X								X

Birth outcomes
Birth weight	X
Birth length	X
Gestational age at birth	X
Apgar score	X
Congenital malformations	X
Stillbirth (>= 22 weeks)	X
Child’s sex	X
Head circumference	X
Biparietal diameter

Child exposures	---------- Child age (years) at assessment ----------
	<1	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	>18
Breast feeding	X	X
Diet	X	X	X	X		X					X
Dietary supplements	X	X	X	X		X					X
Childcare attendance	X			X
Active smoking
Passive smoking	X	X				X					X
Alcohol consumption
Physical activity	X	X	X	X		X					X
Substance use
Medicine intake	X	X	X	X		X					X
Vaccinations
Psychological distress (e.g. bullying)											X
Air pollution
Access to green spaces				X
Built environment	X			X
Noise
Radiation, electromagnetic fields
Water contamination
Pets				X
Farm animal exposure
Biomarkers of exposure
Mercury
Lead
Cadmium
Arsenic
Other metals
Polychlorinated biphenyl esters
Dicloro difenil tricloroetano
Hexachlorobenzene
Brominated flame retardants
Perflouralkyl compounds
Bisphenol A
Other bisphenols
Parabens
Benzophenones
Triclosan
Phthalates
Cotinine

Child development and health	---------- Child age (years) at assessment ----------
	<1	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	>18
Anthropometry
Weight	X	X	X	X	X	X					X
Height	X	X	X	X	X	X					X
Head circumference	X	X	X	X	X
Abdominal circumference
Arm circumference
Wrist circumference
Waist circumference	X	X	X	X	X	X					X
Clinical examinations
Blood pressure						X					X
Carotida intima media thickness
Pulse wave velocity
Cardiac ultrasound
Renal ultrasound
Brain MRI
Other MRI
DEXA‐scan results
Skin folds
Bio impedence
Oscilometry
Spirometry
Skin prick test
Bronchial challenge test
Reversibility test
Dental observations
Mental and neurological development
Cognitive function						X					X
School performance
Language
ADHD						X					X
Autism
Sleep disturbances	X		X		X	X					X
Mental health
Respiratory health
Asthma				X		X					X
Allergy											X
Allergic rhinitis
Eczema				X		X					X
Respiratory tract infections
Senses
Vision
Hearing
Musculo-skeletal health
Back pain											X
Neck pain											X
Growing pains
Sexual maturation
Tanner stage
Pubertal development stage
Age at menarche
Age at voice change
2D/4D digit ratio
Nocturnal ejaculation
Acne											X
Other health outcomes
Cancer
Diabetes
Congenital anomalies	X
Biomarkers of health
Nephrology (e.g. creatinine, albumin)			X										X
Thyroid hormones
Inflammatory markers (e.g. C-reactive protein cytokines)
Immunologic markers (e.g. immunoglobulines)
Cortisol
Vitamines and micronutrients
Gonadal axis hormones (e.g. testosterone, estradiol)
Metabolism (e.g. cholesterol, LDL, HDL, insulin, triglycerides)
Metabolomics
DNA methylation	X
Transcriptomics (mRNA, miRNA)
Genome-wide association study (GWAS)

Child biological samples	---------- Child age (years) at sampling ----------
	At birth	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	>18
Whole blood	X
Serum	X
Plasma	X
Buffy coat	X
Urine				X										X
Hair
Teeth
Nails
Saliva
Purified DNA	X
Purified RNA
Red blood cells
Umbilical cord blood/tissue	X
Blood smear
Faeces/meconium
Exhaled breathe condensate
Sputum induction
Placenta

General information
	Pre-pregnancy	During pregnancy	<1	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
Education		X
Income		X
Employment status
Job title													X
Single parenthood		X
Home address
Work address

Maternal characteristics related to the index pregnancy/child
Age at birth	X
Ethnicity	X
Country of birth	X
Planned pregnancy	X
Time to pregnancy	X
Fertility treatment	X
Prior spontaneous abortion (<22w)	X
Prior births	X
Ultrasound measurements
Doppler measurements
Preeclampsia	X
Gestational diabetes	X
Gestational hypertension	X
Gestational duration	X
Mode of delivery	X
Prenatal diagnostics	X
Medical termination of pregnancy	X

Maternal Exposures	---------- Timing of assessment ----------
	Pre-pregnancy	First trimester	Second trimester	Third trimester	Post pregnancy
Diet
Dietary supplements				X
Active smoking				X	X
Passive smoking				X	X
Alcohol consumption				X	X
Physical activity				X	X
Substance use				X
Medicine intake				X	X
Coffee drinking
Psychological distress (e.g. life-events, health behaviors, perceived stress)
Occupational exposures
Heavy lifts
Work hours
Air pollution
Access to green spaces
Built environment
Noise
Radiation, electromagnetic fields
Water contamination
Binge drinking
Pets
Farm animal exposure
Biomarkers of exposure
Mercury
Lead
Cadmium
Arsenic
Other metals
Polychlorinated biphenyl esters
Dicloro difenil tricloroetano
Hexachlorobenzene
Brominated flame retardants
Perflouralkyl compounds
Bisphenol A
Other bisphenols
Parabens
Benzophenones
Triclosan
Phthalates
Cotinine

Maternal health	---------- Timing of assessment ----------
	Pre-pregnancy	First trimester	Second trimester	Third trimester	Post pregnancy
Anthropometry
Weight				X	X
Height				X	X
Waist circumference
Clinical examinations
Blood pressure				X
Carotida intima media thickness
Pulse wave velocity
DEXA scans
Bioimpedence
Mental and neurological development
Mental health				X
Cognitive function (e.g. intelligence quotient)
Respiratory health
Asthma				X
Allergy				X
Musculo‐skeletal disease
Back pain
Neck pain
Arthritis
Other health outcomes
Cancer
Diabetes				X	X
Cardio‐vascular disease
Family history of chronic disease
Infectious disease
Fever
Autoimmune disease
Urinary symptoms
Sexual problems
Sleep disturbance
Biomarkers of health
Nephrology (e.g. creatinine, albumin)
Thyroid hormones
Inflammatory markers (e.g. C-reactive protein cytokines)
Immunologic markers (e.g. immunoglobulines)
Cortisol
Vitamines and micronutrients
Gonadal axis hormones (e.g. testosterone, estradiol)
Metabolism (e.g. cholesterol, LDL, HDL, insulin, triglycerides)
Metabolomics
DNA methylation
Transcriptomics (mRNA, miRNA)
Genome-wide association study (GWAS)

Maternal biological samples	---------- Timing of sampling ----------
	Pre-pregnancy	First trimester	Second trimester	Third trimester	Post pregnancy
Breast milk
Whole blood
Serum
Plasma
Buffy coat
Urine
Hair
Nails
Saliva
Purified DNA
Purified RNA
Red blood cells
Faeces

General information
	Pre-pregnancy	During pregnancy	<1	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
Education		X
Income		X
Employment status
Job title													X
Single parenthood
Home address
Work address

Paternal characteristics related to the index pregnancy/child
Fertility treatment
Age at child's birth	X
Ethnicity	X
Country of birth	X

Paternal exposures	---------- Timing of assessment ----------
	Pre-pregnancy	During pregnancy	Post pregnancy
Diet
Dietary supplements
Active smoking		X	X
Passive smoking		X	X
Alcohol consumption		X	X
Physical activity		X	X
Substance use		X
Medicine intake
Coffee drinking
Psychological distress (e.g. life-events, health behaviors, perceived stress)
Occupational exposures		X	X
Heavy lifts
Work hours
Air pollution
Access to green spaces
Built environment
Noise
Radiation, electromagnetic fields
Water contamination
Binge drinking
Pets
Farm animal exposure
Biomarkers of exposure
Mercury
Lead
Cadmium
Arsenic
Other metals
Polychlorinated biphenyl esters
Dicloro difenil tricloroetano
Hexachlorobenzene
Brominated flame retardants
Perflouralkyl compounds
Bisphenol A
Other bisphenols
Parabens
Benzophenones
Triclosan
Phthalates
Cotinine

Paternal health	---------- Timing of assessment ----------
	Pre-pregnancy	During pregnancy	Post pregnancy
Anthropometry
Weight		X	X
Height		X	X
Waist circumference
Clinical examinations
Blood pressure		X
Carotida intima media thickness
Pulse wave velocity
DEXA scans
Bio impedence
Mental and neurological development
Mental health		X
Cognitive function (e.g. intelligence quotient)
Respiratory health
Asthma		X
Allergy		X
Musculo‐skeletal disease
Back pain
Neck pain
Arthritis
Other health outcomes
Cancer
Diabetes		X
Cardio‐vascular disease
Family history of chronic disease
Infectious disease
Fever
Autoimmune disease
Urinary symptoms
Sexual problems
Sleep disturbance
Biomarkers of health
Nephrology (e.g. creatinine, albumin)
Thyroid hormones
Inflammatory markers (e.g. C-reactive protein cytokines)
Immunologic markers (e.g. immunoglobulines)
Cortisol
Vitamines and micronutrients
Gonadal axis hormones (e.g. testosterone, estradiol)
Metabolism (e.g. cholesterol, LDL, HDL, insulin, triglycerides)
Metabolomics
DNA methylation
Transcriptomics (mRNA, miRNA)
Genome-wide association study (GWAS)

Paternal biological samples	---------- Timing of sampling ----------
	Pre-pregnancy	During pregnancy	Post pregnancy
Semen
Whole blood
Serum
Plasma
Buffy coat
Urine
Hair
Nails
Saliva
Purified DNA
Purified RNA
Red blood cells
Faeces

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