- Cohort, name
GECKO Drenthe cohort
Cohort, abbreviation
GECKO Drenthe
Cohort, country
Netherlands (Nederland)
Cohort, website
https://doi.org/10.34760/5f5b80eb0830f
Key reference
L’Abée C, Sauer PJJ, Damen M, Rake JP, Cats H, Stolk RP. Cohort Profile: The GECKO Drenthe study; overweight programming during early childhood. Int J Epidemiol 2008; 37: 486-9
Date of filling in this questionnaire:
2020-06-25 - Principal investigator(s), name
Eva Corpeleijn
Principal investigator(s), e-mail address
e.corpeleijn@umcg.nl
Principal investigator(s), institution
University Medical Center Groningen
Contact person(s), name
Eva Corpeleijn
Contact person(s), e-mail address
e.corpeleijn@umcg.nl
Contact person(s), institution address
University Medical Center Groningen
- Main aim of cohort
The overall aim of the GECKO Drenthe cohort is to study the prevalence and early risk factors for the development of childhood overweight and fat distribution at very young age. Within this birth cohort the growth of the children is closely followed, starting at birth until adulthood. The children are followed using questionnaires that the parents have to answer and the regular visits to the Well Baby Clinics, where length, weight, head circumference and hip and waist circumference are measured. Furthermore, physical activity is measured using accelerometers. At birth, cord blood was sampled and stored for (epi)genetic analysis and biomarkers. During the first 9 months of life, the children were measured every month (incl. questionnaire), thereafter this frequency decreased until once every 2 years from 3 years onwards. The children are now 5 years old. As risk factors nutrition, physical activity, biological, epigenetic, social and environmental factors are monitored. The children are followed using questionnaires that the parents have to answer and the regular visits to the Well Baby Clinics, where length, weight, head circumference and hip and waist circumference are measured. Furthermore, physical activity is measured using accelerometers. At birth, cord blood was sampled and stored for (epi)genetic analysis and biomarkers. As risk factors nutrition, physical activity, biological, epigenetic, social and environmental factors are monitored.
Recruited number of:
2997 children / 0 mothers / 0 fathers / 0 grand parents / 0 other family members
Approximate proportion of source population included
63
Source population
Region-based - Period of enrollment
Start: 2006-04-01, End: 2007-04-01
Enrollment period
Pregnancy, week to
Enrollment criteria, please specify
All children born from April 2006 to April 2007 and living in Drenthe (a northern province of the Netherlands) at the time of birth were allowed to participate. All pregnant women in this province were invited to participate in the third trimester of their pregnancy. Recruitment took place by obstetricians, midwives and general practitioners, supported by a media campaign. If for any reason a child was not included in the GECKO Drenthe cohort before birth, a nurse from the Well Baby Clinic invited the parents of the newborn to participate.
Exclusion criteria, please specify
No exclusion criteria.
Planned age of children at end of follow-up
General information | ---------- Child age (years) at assessment ---------- | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | >18 | |
Home address | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||
School address | X | X |
Birth outcomes | |
---|---|
Birth weight | X |
Birth length | X |
Gestational age at birth | X |
Apgar score | X |
Congenital malformations | X |
Stillbirth (>= 22 weeks) | X |
Child’s sex | X |
Head circumference | X |
Biparietal diameter |
Child exposures | ---------- Child age (years) at assessment ---------- | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | >18 | |
Breast feeding | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||
Diet | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
Dietary supplements | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
Childcare attendance | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||
Active smoking | ||||||||||||||||||||
Passive smoking | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||
Alcohol consumption | ||||||||||||||||||||
Physical activity | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
Substance use | ||||||||||||||||||||
Medicine intake | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||
Vaccinations | ||||||||||||||||||||
Psychological distress (e.g. bullying) | X | |||||||||||||||||||
Air pollution | ||||||||||||||||||||
Access to green spaces | X | |||||||||||||||||||
Built environment | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||
Noise | ||||||||||||||||||||
Radiation, electromagnetic fields | ||||||||||||||||||||
Water contamination | ||||||||||||||||||||
Pets | X | |||||||||||||||||||
Farm animal exposure | ||||||||||||||||||||
Biomarkers of exposure | ||||||||||||||||||||
Mercury | ||||||||||||||||||||
Lead | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cadmium | ||||||||||||||||||||
Arsenic | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other metals | ||||||||||||||||||||
Polychlorinated biphenyl esters | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dicloro difenil tricloroetano | ||||||||||||||||||||
Hexachlorobenzene | ||||||||||||||||||||
Brominated flame retardants | ||||||||||||||||||||
Perflouralkyl compounds | ||||||||||||||||||||
Bisphenol A | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other bisphenols | ||||||||||||||||||||
Parabens | ||||||||||||||||||||
Benzophenones | ||||||||||||||||||||
Triclosan | ||||||||||||||||||||
Phthalates | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cotinine |
Child development and health | ---------- Child age (years) at assessment ---------- | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | >18 | |
Anthropometry | ||||||||||||||||||||
Weight | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||
Height | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||
Head circumference | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
Abdominal circumference | ||||||||||||||||||||
Arm circumference | ||||||||||||||||||||
Wrist circumference | ||||||||||||||||||||
Waist circumference | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||
Clinical examinations | ||||||||||||||||||||
Blood pressure | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||
Carotida intima media thickness | ||||||||||||||||||||
Pulse wave velocity | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cardiac ultrasound | ||||||||||||||||||||
Renal ultrasound | ||||||||||||||||||||
Brain MRI | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other MRI | ||||||||||||||||||||
DEXA‐scan results | ||||||||||||||||||||
Skin folds | ||||||||||||||||||||
Bio impedence | ||||||||||||||||||||
Oscilometry | ||||||||||||||||||||
Spirometry | ||||||||||||||||||||
Skin prick test | ||||||||||||||||||||
Bronchial challenge test | ||||||||||||||||||||
Reversibility test | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dental observations | ||||||||||||||||||||
Mental and neurological development | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cognitive function | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||
School performance | ||||||||||||||||||||
Language | ||||||||||||||||||||
ADHD | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||
Autism | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sleep disturbances | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||
Mental health | ||||||||||||||||||||
Respiratory health | ||||||||||||||||||||
Asthma | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
Allergy | X | |||||||||||||||||||
Allergic rhinitis | ||||||||||||||||||||
Eczema | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
Respiratory tract infections | ||||||||||||||||||||
Senses | ||||||||||||||||||||
Vision | ||||||||||||||||||||
Hearing | ||||||||||||||||||||
Musculo-skeletal health | ||||||||||||||||||||
Back pain | X | |||||||||||||||||||
Neck pain | X | |||||||||||||||||||
Growing pains | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sexual maturation | ||||||||||||||||||||
Tanner stage | ||||||||||||||||||||
Pubertal development stage | ||||||||||||||||||||
Age at menarche | ||||||||||||||||||||
Age at voice change | ||||||||||||||||||||
2D/4D digit ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||
Nocturnal ejaculation | ||||||||||||||||||||
Acne | X | |||||||||||||||||||
Other health outcomes | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cancer | ||||||||||||||||||||
Diabetes | ||||||||||||||||||||
Congenital anomalies | X | |||||||||||||||||||
Biomarkers of health | ||||||||||||||||||||
Nephrology (e.g. creatinine, albumin) | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||
Thyroid hormones | ||||||||||||||||||||
Inflammatory markers (e.g. C-reactive protein cytokines) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Immunologic markers (e.g. immunoglobulines) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cortisol | ||||||||||||||||||||
Vitamines and micronutrients | ||||||||||||||||||||
Gonadal axis hormones (e.g. testosterone, estradiol) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Metabolism (e.g. cholesterol, LDL, HDL, insulin, triglycerides) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Metabolomics | ||||||||||||||||||||
DNA methylation | X | |||||||||||||||||||
Transcriptomics (mRNA, miRNA) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Genome-wide association study (GWAS) |
Child biological samples | ---------- Child age (years) at sampling ---------- | ||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At birth | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | >18 | |
Whole blood | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
Serum | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
Plasma | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
Buffy coat | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
Urine | X | X | |||||||||||||||||||
Hair | |||||||||||||||||||||
Teeth | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nails | |||||||||||||||||||||
Saliva | |||||||||||||||||||||
Purified DNA | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
Purified RNA | |||||||||||||||||||||
Red blood cells | |||||||||||||||||||||
Umbilical cord blood/tissue | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
Blood smear | |||||||||||||||||||||
Faeces/meconium | |||||||||||||||||||||
Exhaled breathe condensate | |||||||||||||||||||||
Sputum induction | |||||||||||||||||||||
Placenta |
General information | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-pregnancy | During pregnancy | <1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | |
Education | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
Income | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
Employment status | |||||||||||||||||||||
Job title | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
Single parenthood | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
Home address | |||||||||||||||||||||
Work address |
Maternal characteristics related to the index pregnancy/child | |
---|---|
Age at birth | X |
Ethnicity | X |
Country of birth | X |
Planned pregnancy | X |
Time to pregnancy | X |
Fertility treatment | X |
Prior spontaneous abortion (<22w) | X |
Prior births | X |
Ultrasound measurements | |
Doppler measurements | |
Preeclampsia | X |
Gestational diabetes | X |
Gestational hypertension | X |
Gestational duration | X |
Mode of delivery | X |
Prenatal diagnostics | X |
Medical termination of pregnancy | X |
Maternal Exposures | ---------- Timing of assessment ---------- | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-pregnancy | First trimester | Second trimester | Third trimester | Post pregnancy | |
Diet | |||||
Dietary supplements | X | ||||
Active smoking | X | X | |||
Passive smoking | X | X | |||
Alcohol consumption | X | X | |||
Physical activity | X | X | |||
Substance use | X | ||||
Medicine intake | X | X | |||
Coffee drinking | |||||
Psychological distress (e.g. life-events, health behaviors, perceived stress) | |||||
Occupational exposures | |||||
Heavy lifts | |||||
Work hours | |||||
Air pollution | |||||
Access to green spaces | |||||
Built environment | |||||
Noise | |||||
Radiation, electromagnetic fields | |||||
Water contamination | |||||
Binge drinking | |||||
Pets | |||||
Farm animal exposure | |||||
Biomarkers of exposure | |||||
Mercury | |||||
Lead | |||||
Cadmium | |||||
Arsenic | |||||
Other metals | |||||
Polychlorinated biphenyl esters | |||||
Dicloro difenil tricloroetano | |||||
Hexachlorobenzene | |||||
Brominated flame retardants | |||||
Perflouralkyl compounds | |||||
Bisphenol A | |||||
Other bisphenols | |||||
Parabens | |||||
Benzophenones | |||||
Triclosan | |||||
Phthalates | |||||
Cotinine |
Maternal health | ---------- Timing of assessment ---------- | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-pregnancy | First trimester | Second trimester | Third trimester | Post pregnancy | |
Anthropometry | |||||
Weight | X | X | |||
Height | X | X | |||
Waist circumference | |||||
Clinical examinations | |||||
Blood pressure | X | ||||
Carotida intima media thickness | |||||
Pulse wave velocity | |||||
DEXA scans | |||||
Bioimpedence | |||||
Mental and neurological development | |||||
Mental health | X | ||||
Cognitive function (e.g. intelligence quotient) | |||||
Respiratory health | |||||
Asthma | X | ||||
Allergy | X | ||||
Musculo‐skeletal disease | |||||
Back pain | |||||
Neck pain | |||||
Arthritis | |||||
Other health outcomes | |||||
Cancer | |||||
Diabetes | X | X | |||
Cardio‐vascular disease | |||||
Family history of chronic disease | |||||
Infectious disease | |||||
Fever | |||||
Autoimmune disease | |||||
Urinary symptoms | |||||
Sexual problems | |||||
Sleep disturbance | |||||
Biomarkers of health | |||||
Nephrology (e.g. creatinine, albumin) | |||||
Thyroid hormones | |||||
Inflammatory markers (e.g. C-reactive protein cytokines) | |||||
Immunologic markers (e.g. immunoglobulines) | |||||
Cortisol | |||||
Vitamines and micronutrients | |||||
Gonadal axis hormones (e.g. testosterone, estradiol) | |||||
Metabolism (e.g. cholesterol, LDL, HDL, insulin, triglycerides) | |||||
Metabolomics | |||||
DNA methylation | |||||
Transcriptomics (mRNA, miRNA) | |||||
Genome-wide association study (GWAS) |
Maternal biological samples | ---------- Timing of sampling ---------- | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-pregnancy | First trimester | Second trimester | Third trimester | Post pregnancy | |
Breast milk | |||||
Whole blood | |||||
Serum | |||||
Plasma | |||||
Buffy coat | |||||
Urine | |||||
Hair | |||||
Nails | |||||
Saliva | |||||
Purified DNA | |||||
Purified RNA | |||||
Red blood cells | |||||
Faeces |
General information | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-pregnancy | During pregnancy | <1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | |
Education | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
Income | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
Employment status | |||||||||||||||||||||
Job title | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
Single parenthood | |||||||||||||||||||||
Home address | |||||||||||||||||||||
Work address |
Paternal characteristics related to the index pregnancy/child | |
---|---|
Fertility treatment | |
Age at child's birth | X |
Ethnicity | X |
Country of birth | X |
Paternal exposures | ---------- Timing of assessment ---------- | ||
---|---|---|---|
Pre-pregnancy | During pregnancy | Post pregnancy | |
Diet | |||
Dietary supplements | |||
Active smoking | X | X | |
Passive smoking | X | X | |
Alcohol consumption | X | X | |
Physical activity | X | X | |
Substance use | X | ||
Medicine intake | |||
Coffee drinking | |||
Psychological distress (e.g. life-events, health behaviors, perceived stress) | |||
Occupational exposures | X | X | |
Heavy lifts | |||
Work hours | |||
Air pollution | |||
Access to green spaces | |||
Built environment | |||
Noise | |||
Radiation, electromagnetic fields | |||
Water contamination | |||
Binge drinking | |||
Pets | |||
Farm animal exposure | |||
Biomarkers of exposure | |||
Mercury | |||
Lead | |||
Cadmium | |||
Arsenic | |||
Other metals | |||
Polychlorinated biphenyl esters | |||
Dicloro difenil tricloroetano | |||
Hexachlorobenzene | |||
Brominated flame retardants | |||
Perflouralkyl compounds | |||
Bisphenol A | |||
Other bisphenols | |||
Parabens | |||
Benzophenones | |||
Triclosan | |||
Phthalates | |||
Cotinine |
Paternal health | ---------- Timing of assessment ---------- | ||
---|---|---|---|
Pre-pregnancy | During pregnancy | Post pregnancy | |
Anthropometry | |||
Weight | X | X | |
Height | X | X | |
Waist circumference | |||
Clinical examinations | |||
Blood pressure | X | ||
Carotida intima media thickness | |||
Pulse wave velocity | |||
DEXA scans | |||
Bio impedence | |||
Mental and neurological development | |||
Mental health | X | ||
Cognitive function (e.g. intelligence quotient) | |||
Respiratory health | |||
Asthma | X | ||
Allergy | X | ||
Musculo‐skeletal disease | |||
Back pain | |||
Neck pain | |||
Arthritis | |||
Other health outcomes | |||
Cancer | |||
Diabetes | X | ||
Cardio‐vascular disease | |||
Family history of chronic disease | |||
Infectious disease | |||
Fever | |||
Autoimmune disease | |||
Urinary symptoms | |||
Sexual problems | |||
Sleep disturbance | |||
Biomarkers of health | |||
Nephrology (e.g. creatinine, albumin) | |||
Thyroid hormones | |||
Inflammatory markers (e.g. C-reactive protein cytokines) | |||
Immunologic markers (e.g. immunoglobulines) | |||
Cortisol | |||
Vitamines and micronutrients | |||
Gonadal axis hormones (e.g. testosterone, estradiol) | |||
Metabolism (e.g. cholesterol, LDL, HDL, insulin, triglycerides) | |||
Metabolomics | |||
DNA methylation | |||
Transcriptomics (mRNA, miRNA) | |||
Genome-wide association study (GWAS) |
Paternal biological samples | ---------- Timing of sampling ---------- | ||
---|---|---|---|
Pre-pregnancy | During pregnancy | Post pregnancy | |
Semen | |||
Whole blood | |||
Serum | |||
Plasma | |||
Buffy coat | |||
Urine | |||
Hair | |||
Nails | |||
Saliva | |||
Purified DNA | |||
Purified RNA | |||
Red blood cells | |||
Faeces |
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